The last two objects are types of hot water tanks. The unvented one has a supply direct from the mains, and has valves all over the place. The unvented tank has the supply from a cold water tank, which unds like yours.
The bit to check is the immersion heater. As it's at the bottom, you will need to turn off the supply from the cold tank to the hot tank, if you can't do that tie the ballcock up in the cold water tank so it doesn't let any water in.
Next open a drain cock which should be somewhere around the bottom of the tank, and drain all the water out.
Turn off the electric supply to the immersion heater, remove the fuse and disconnect the wires from the heater. Put the ends in a connector block so thingh are safe if somehow the supply gets turned on again.
You need a spanner to undo the immersion heater. It's BIG! and if you can find one I suggest you get a cast iron one as you can hit them with a mallet to move the heater. You also need a washer so you can put the heater back and seal it again. Some silicone sealer would be useful on each side of the washer.
You may find theres a lot of debris in the bottom of the tank when you take the heater out. Use a wet vacuum cleaner to remove it. If there is debris up to the heater, that's the cause of the problem. As you've gone to all this trouble so far, I would fit a new heater, or you might have to do all this again soon.