In France wiring colours are as follows:
Earth = yellow/green striped
Neutral = blue
Live = anything else apart from plain yellow or plain green - these are now banned.
Generally red is is used as an unswitched live in single phase situations, with orange being used for lamp returns, purple for two way "navettes", & black for heating control wires. Brown is often used a main live, especially if double insulated cable is used (as opposed to conduit & singles), but it could be a second lamp return in the same switch, for example. Just for fun the main outputs of a single phase supply company breaker tend to be blue & grey..... It's less common now, but white used to use a lot for extra lighting lives such as télérupteur (latching relay) returns etc.
The new three phase colours (brown, black, grey) are respected in cables but don't assume this to be the case once you get involved in older installations where three reds are common (or three blacks....)!