For a single storey extension, you should not need planning permission as it may well be 'permitted development' (Google)
You will need building regulation approval. You can get this two ways - either get some plans drawn up and approved, or do it under a 'building notice' where by the builder just builds and the council checks it as it goes up.
A building notice is more risk for you as it relies on the builder knowing his stuff, and keeping to the agreed quotation. So you will probably get some plans drawn.
First get a designer around. They will tell you if you need planning permission, if you do he should draw up a plan - both to your requirements and to local planning policy. He should give you a draft desing, for approval or amendment prior to submission
The designer will be able to give you an estimate (within £5k) of build costs. Or he should design to your budget
The desinger should advise you on external features and internal layout. You tell him what you want and he should incorporate it as much as possible. Have a think about how you may want to use the room, and ask the designer for his advice on what would be good or bad
There should be no problem with getting PP for a kitchen extension (the designer should get pre-application advice if required) although nothing is 100% certain. So you can instruct the designer to prepare and submit the building control drawings so that both approvals come back at the same time and you can start.
A builder will only quote on building control drawings as these have more detail. So as soon as you have these, you can get your quotes.
Use a basic contract with the builder, so you (and the builder) know where you stand on key things like payment, scope, and timescales.
Bear in mind that things may change as the work proceeds, or the building control officer wants things done differently, so expect some price changes if the builder has not quoted for this element of work.