1. Get a filter fitted. Personal preference is the Adey Magnaclean Professional 2. Easy to fit although it does require a drain down unless you really know what you are doing.
2. When refilling, add a litre of Sentinel X400 cleaner. Let that circulate through the system for 2 or 3 weeks.
3. At the end of that time, drain the system again. Check the Magnaclean.
3a. If the magnet is covered with sludge to a depth of several millimetres, then the system was dirty. See below.
3b. If there are traces of sludge, say less than 1 mm thick, the system is clean enough.
4. Refill the system. And:
4a. If the system was dirty, repeat the clean with fresh X400.
4b. If the system was clean, after refilling add 1 litre of inhibitor (X100 for example), and you're done.
5. If after a second clean the system is still dirty, it needs to be cleaned. Several ways of doing this:
5a. Powerflush. I think its is the best and least painful way, but many disagree.
5b. Flush through with mains cold water, radiator at a time, until it runs clear. Cheap, but no chemical to bring the sludge into solution. Tapping each radiator as it is treated will help.
5c. Take each radiator off in turn, take it outside and flush through with clean water, tapping as you go. Flush normal way up and inverted.
5d. Both 5b and 5c. Closest you will get to a powerflush, but doesn't really touch the pipework.
6. Once flushing is complete, refill and add inhibitor.
7. You can add inhibitor by:
7a. Turning system off.
7b. Closing both Magnaclean valves and removing top.
7c. Drain water from Magnaclean body and replace with inhibitor.
7d. Close Magnaclean, open its valves and run system for 30 minutes.
7e. Because you can't get a full litre of inhibitor into a Magnaclean (from memory), repeat steps 7a though 7d to use up the whole canister.