I certainly had/saw some that didn't have a bridge rectifier, and therefore the most they could manage was alternate full half cycles. I probably even built some like that (and may still have some evidence gathering dust somewhere - watch this space ).I have a dimmer from yesteryear (around 1969 if I remember) and its SCR is fed by a bridge rectifier and can achieve full brightness. In fact never seen one that only gives 50%.
Kind Regards, John