The 6.8 is the grade of bolt, the higher the number, the stronger it is.
Something like a 6.8 is a cheap bolt, something like you might find in flatpack furniture. 8.8 is a very common grade, general purpose, used in things like construction. 12.9 is a very high grade, like you might find on a critical fastener on a car or other machine. The numbers relate to tensile strength.
The purpose of fitting rubber or plastic washers is normally to prevent galvanic corrosion....between a galv coating and a stainless bolt.
I think a lot of people here are getting confused between zinc plating and galvanised fasteners.
Zinc plated will quickly begin to corrode if left. Proper galvanized bolts wont rust for many years.
As someone mentioned, galvanised ones will only be down to M8.
If they are only zinc plated collars in the ground/wall, you should use zinc plated bolts..... there wont be enough clearance between the threads to allow it to turn freely. Galvanised threads have a much higher clearance than bzp, so galv nuts will go on a bzp bolt, but bzp nuts wont go on a galv bolt......
Getting a bit out of had this