My parents had a faulty meter. They proved it by the amount of usage over a year compared to each of the previous 30 years. A new meter was fitted by their supplier, and they were re-inbursed the overcharged units. I don't remember them saying anything about being charged for the check.
I would expect/hope that customers wouldn't be charged for the check (or, at least, would be reimbursed if they had initially been charged) if the check revealed that the meter was faulty. I guess the problem is that large numbers of people probably wrongly accuse meters of being faulty (hence resulting in overcharging), in which cases it may be unreasonable for the companies to be expected to pay for all those 'unnecessary' checks. It's not all that different from warranties - if a product is returned, or a call-out arranged, in relation to a product which is found to be non-faulty (or misused by the customer), the T&C of the warranty will often allow a charge to be levied.
Kind Regards, John