In that case, a second layer of insulation obviously has to surround the conductor if you want the 'device' to be Class II - either as part of an acceptably 'double insulated' cable, or else using some sort of sleeving etc.
If I'm a manufacturer buying cable to use inside my product, and I am not providing extra layers of insulation or sleeving etc then I am going to need the cable I buy in to have double or reinforced insulation, no?
If I'm a manufacturer buying cable to use inside my product, and I am not providing extra layers of insulation or sleeving etc then I am going to need the cable I buy in to have double or reinforced insulation, no?
As you know as well as I do, given the totality of your "if" clause, that is obviously correct. However, as has been said, and as you also know as well as I do, if you were that manufacturer there would be options open to you other than buying a cable which had double or reinforced insulation.
Yes - apologies for not being at all clear about the construction of my Class II item - when I said "Well - if somebody wants to use it in a Class II appliance it has to have double or reinforced insulation...." it was to show that there are indeed cables which are DI.
Yes - apologies for not being at all clear about the construction of my Class II item - when I said "Well - if somebody wants to use it in a Class II appliance it has to have double or reinforced insulation...." it was to show that there are indeed cables which are DI.
Fair enough - but I'm not sure I would go as far as saying that it "showed" that. I doubt that it is the case, but one possibility is that someone wanting to build such a Class II appliance might find that such cables did not exist (or were very hard to find), and that they would therefore have to adopt some other approach in order to satisfy the requirements for a Class II item.
In reality, I rather suspect that if they did their research, they might well discover that a standard 'insulated and sheathed' cable would be adequate to satisfy the Class II requirements.
So if I build a metal appliance with internal wiring, you are saying that the wiring does not have to have double or reinforced insulation for the appliance to be Class II? It would be OK for the internal wiring to have just single insulation, which if it failed could make the metalwork live?
It is the construction of your appliance and not the cable which mean it isn't Class II. Class II appliances with metal casing certainly exist, but your suggestion does not seem to be the way of achieving it.
I don't know whether there are any other relevant Standards which are more explicit but, as so often, BS7671 does not define what satisfies the requirement for 'double insulation' (or 're-inforced insulation') - but, despite what has been suggested here, I imagine that many/most people would regard standard 'insulated and sheathed' cable as satisfying the requirement.
Let's face it, 'insulated and sheathed' cable is deemed safe enough for the outer sheath to be touched by a human being, so why should it be considered unsafe to touch the metal case of an appliance which might be in contact with the outer sheath of such a cable?
I realise that - but I am (again) pointing out that it's very possible (I would say probable) that I&S cables would satisfy the DI requirements for a Class II appliance (if only we knew what those requirements actually were!).
If I had access to cable Standards, I would at least be able to ascertain what insulating properties are required of the sheath of an I&S cable - but I don't!
If I had access to cable Standards, I would at least be able to ascertain what insulating properties are required of the sheath of an I&S cable - but I don't!
That is what has been suggested. However, I suspect that it would be quite difficult to 'design' a PVC sheath that did not have at least as good insulating properties as did the underlying PVC insulation, even if one wanted to!
As I said, I don't have access to the relevant Standards, but I would doubt that it would be acceptable to have a (non-earthed) sheath which was even vaguely 'conductive' - so I suspect that the sheath is required to satisfy conditions as regards insulation properties as well as mechanical ones.
Do you mean a place which (by analogy with the real 'combustion chamber') was only available to 'registered electricians' (I guess 'scheme members')? If so, I suspect that it would be a very quiet place, since the majority of regular (and/or prolific) contributors (of both on-topic and off-topic material) to the forum would be excluded!
I design power meters to meet the safety requirements of EN/UL61010-1 and EN/UL60590 depending on the application.
Depending on the installation category (where in the network you are installed) and working voltage you effectively read the basic insulation thickness required from a table. Then you need double this thickness between and conductor and anything the user can touch for double or reinforced insulation.
Double insulation is defined as two pieces of insulation that meet the requirements of basic insulation and reinforced is classed as a single piece of insulation that meets the same level of protection as double insulation.
For compliance you then HiPot at a level taken from a table in the standard to ensure compliance. We then detail the spec of cable to be used in our manual.
The requirements are strict on the plastics and insulators that are used in terms of flammability and generally we have to wrap everything in a fire enclosure.
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