The idea (as I was told) was that the beads on the side of the sash window could be removed in the future more easily for maintenance of the sash weights, hence he put in those things. Not sure if there are better removable fixings.
I suppose a cup washer on top of a painted wooden frame means you could remove it without damaging the paint, but they've been painted over now, so that no longer applies.
If they're just sash box beads, they don't need any significant strength. You'll need to take them off when the cord breaks.
PS
IMO the plastic covers would look neat enough with white paint, as long as the domes don't fall off. a pack of a hundred or so is very cheap.
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