I thought it had to be inhabitable to be classed as a home? So must have hot and cold running water, heating and other things to make it inhabitable.
I don't know. I do know that if you put up a building in your garden, just the provision of sleeping accommodation stops it being exempt - doesn't need water, sanitation, heating etc - not even a bucket and a Tilley lamp.
We don't know what the OP's building will have. We don't know what the intended use is. We don't know if it's in his garden, on agricultural land or in woodland. We don't know if it's transportable.
And we don't know what his council's view is of its status.
IMO he should discuss it with them - he says he wants it all to be safe, so he shouldn't have any problems complying with anything they determine he should, and it would be a shame to end up on a collision course with them for the sake of an enquiry.
Or it could be a detached single storey building, having a floor area which does not exceed 30m², which contains no sleeping accommodation and is a building—
(a) no point of which is less than one metre from the boundary of its curtilage; or
(b) which is constructed substantially of non-combustible material.
But the OP says it's a "chalet" and is equivalent to a "caravan", which makes me think it's not a shed/summerhouse thing with a bit of solar power.