On the left hand side of the chimneybreast, light is poor, but I think the damp patch is highest close to the breast.
So not rising from the entire floor.
May just be residue from the wet rubble. It is not in a position where there is likely to be a pipe or drain, unless a leak is running down from the bathroom.
If you have a desk fan or room fan (not a fan heater) set it to blow on the damp areas, and scrape the paint off, and remove the skirting, to speed evaporation. If it has to be painted for appearance, use Dulux Trade Supermatt, which is porous to allow plaster to dry. Maybe a strip from dado height down. (Not a vinyl paint)
Taking off the plaster would be even better as
@tell80 says.
If you mark the edges of the wet patch with a pencil you will see if it gets smaller.
The hearth slab, if still present, may continue to be wet after the chimney has mostly dried. If you can lift the wooden boards it can dry faster, and they might not warp and rot so much.
The hearth slab is laid on rubble, with no DPC, going down to the ground. The rubble is absorbent and draws up water by capillary action. You may have to break up the slab and dig out the rubble. When you lift the floorboards you will see more.
Under the floor will be damp so lift boards if you can. There may be more wet rubble.
Sooner or later you are going to have to take the floor up against that wall. The sooner the better.