Well I have just performed a litttle experiment..and I was rather surprised by the result...
I have a fitting in my hall that take three RO40 SES Reflector lamps....so they have lovely tungsten filament coils in them..
Anyway, I zeroed my meter and then measured the resistance at the terminals of the lamp..
The resistance cold was 106.1 Ohms..
I them put the lamp min the fitting for 5 minutes, took it out and immediately measured the resistance of the hot coil...it was only 160.7 Ohms..it hovered for a split second and then started to fall at a steady 0.2 Ohms per second as the coil cooled. Now I estimate it took me about 4 seconds to unscrew the lamp and measure it..so allowing for this cooling it implies the at temperature resistance of the lamp is around 162 Ohms..
Now I appreciate this is not very scientific, but it does give us an idea.
So we have a
Cold resistance of 106.1 Ohms
Hot Resistance of 162 Ohms
Measured Voltage of supply 237.6 V
Frequency of supply averaging 49.85 hertz
From Ohms law we know that to find the Power used by something we need to find out the current drawn..
So at Hot... I= V/R = 237.6 / 162 = 1.466 A
P = VI = 237.6 x 1.466 = 348.32 Watts of energy....
This had me baffled...so I then did the test 5 times each on two different lamps...the results were the same everytime...although there was about 0.7 Ohms between the two lamps...
I just tested a 100W Tungsten Filament Lamp...
Cold resistance...31.2 Ohms
Hot Resistance 64.9 Ohms
So doing the same equations for this..
I= V/R = 237.6 / 64.9 = 3.66A
P = VI = 237.6 x 3.66 = 869.61 Watts of energy?
This seems very wrong to me as I do not think filament lamps use this much energy..but could there rated wattage actually be simply the VISIBLE light wattage rather than the actual power used...I certainly have no information or even experience either way...
Next test will be clamp meter on the core to directly measure load...just have to rig up a test bed now to do it...
What is interesting here is that the ratio bewteen the power used by calculation and the rated wattage of the lamp is almost identical at 8.7/1...for me that is a little too coincidental and implies there is something real there...
This blooming thread has me going now..one of those everyday things we never think about and yet seems to fly in the face of what we thought we know...Thanks for all the contributors...I love this sort of mystery I can get my teeth into...