If damp find the source and fix it, it's a loft so would almost certainly be from a leak.
plasterboard insulated with celotex or similar would be impervious to damp due to the foil backing and plasterboard adhesive sticks to it fine.
Belt and braces would be to batten, and then use insulated board, as opposed to either batten and std board or insulated board and D&Das that wall appears to be cold wouldn't be a bad approach anyway. Battening with std board might still give you a cold bridge anyway and could still cause pattern staining.