In theory maybe, however if a lamp pops then it would be fun to watch all the others on the same phase getting brighter, popping, brighter, popping, bang!Firstly taking the original lighting circuit. In theory if the load on all of the three phases was the same there would be no neutral current so, again in theory, there is actually no need for a neutral! There are plenty of 3wire 3c phase motors about!
Not sure how discharge lighting would react with this sort of setup too