I can't make out what the wheelvalve is for. But it looks like you have an ordinary vented system.
BTW the thing you called a "tank" is actually a cylinder. You can call the things in the loft "tanks" if you like.
You can change the thermostat in the immersion heater yourself, it is in a watertight pocket so you don't have to drain the cylinder to change just the stat. Isolate the power and remove the old one so you can get a new one to match. If you don't want to do it yourself any local plumber or electrician will do it easily, but ask round friends and neighbours for a recommended local person. Before doing any work on the immersion heater, don't just turn it off at the switch, remove the fuse or turn off the MCB in your consumer unit, and, if there is anyone else in the house, attach a label saying "do not turn on." Test that there is no live electricity present with a multimeter (not just a neon screwdriver)
as your immersion heater failed hot, it is not the latest type (which will automatically shut off to prevent boiling you in your bath like a lobster) and as you have been running it 24 hours a day it will presumably be nearer the end of its life than if you just used it in summer. however fitting a new immersion heater needs a partial drain as water will gush out, so leave that until either it fails, or you are having other work done on the system. You might consider having a timer fitted to the immersion instead of an on/off switch as this will also save you money.
I am just a householder, not a plumber or heating engineer.
BTW the thing you called a "tank" is actually a cylinder. You can call the things in the loft "tanks" if you like.
You can change the thermostat in the immersion heater yourself, it is in a watertight pocket so you don't have to drain the cylinder to change just the stat. Isolate the power and remove the old one so you can get a new one to match. If you don't want to do it yourself any local plumber or electrician will do it easily, but ask round friends and neighbours for a recommended local person. Before doing any work on the immersion heater, don't just turn it off at the switch, remove the fuse or turn off the MCB in your consumer unit, and, if there is anyone else in the house, attach a label saying "do not turn on." Test that there is no live electricity present with a multimeter (not just a neon screwdriver)
as your immersion heater failed hot, it is not the latest type (which will automatically shut off to prevent boiling you in your bath like a lobster) and as you have been running it 24 hours a day it will presumably be nearer the end of its life than if you just used it in summer. however fitting a new immersion heater needs a partial drain as water will gush out, so leave that until either it fails, or you are having other work done on the system. You might consider having a timer fitted to the immersion instead of an on/off switch as this will also save you money.
I am just a householder, not a plumber or heating engineer.