That won't protect the boiler (in the garage) very well....
OP If you had a 'real' bypass then current setup would be fine- the garage will tend to be colder than the house so pump only running through the bypass would do, added bonus you don't get disturbed by any rad warming noises.
Since it isn't a proper bypass you'd be better off sorting the control wiring- that gate valve will be reducing the differential pressure between flow and return (so your rads that are now slow to heat will be even slower), also boosting the return temperature (so your boiler may start derating to maintain the ideal flow/return temperature difference.
See what happens tonight- mind, it's warming up here- was -3 this afternoon, it's up to 7 now