[url=http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Frazil+ice]Ivan Ivanovich[/url] said:
Frazil Ice
an accumulation of loose, spongy ice within a body of water (deep frazil ice) or on its surface (surface frazil ice). Frazil ice forms from tiny crystals of deep ice (intermediate and bottom ice) and from grease ice and slush. It occurs before the freeze-up when water is supercooled below 0°C, primarily on mountain rivers and rivers with rapids, below polynyas and the lower pools of hydro-engineering complexes, and, occasionally, on lowland rivers and lakes.
Frazil ice, carried downstream by the current, covers large areas and dams up the channel, causing ice jams. It also considerably impedes the operation of hydro-engineering structures by clogging up the filters of water intakes and the aperture grills at hydro-electrical power plants.
The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.